While Sigmund Freud is rightfully credited with the genesis of psychoanalysis, with many of his ideas still forming the basis of this social science, other ideas, particularly those concerning psychosexual development, have been discredited. Freud himself vacillated on these particular theories, at first (1896) attributing adult hysteria to repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse. This position was heavily criticized, largely due to the fact that several of his patients were from prominent families. Freud recanted these ideas (1898) and replaced them with a new theory of psychosexual development that included such concepts as the “Oedipus complex” and “penis envy.”
In the art world, Andre Breton’s Surrealist Manifesto (1924) was heavily influenced by Freud’s work on dreams and the unconscious. This fusion of art and psychoanalysis attracted Salvador Dali, who visited…
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